Massive Resistance – Page 2 – Desegregation of Virginia Education (DOVE)

September 4, 2018September 4, 2018

Stephens, A.E.S.

Stephens, A.E.S.

Creator	Stephens, A.E.S.
Description	Served in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s.
Call number	MG 19
Date from	1900
Date to	1973
Geographic school	Virginia
Size	6 Hollinger Document Cases
Access restrictions yes/no	no
Access restrictions	Open to researchers without restrictions. Questions on literary property rights should be directed to the Special Collections Librarian.
Part Of larger collection yes/no
Larger collection title
URL	http://www.lib.odu.edu/specialcollections/manuscripts/stephens.htm
Repository	Old Dominion University, Special Collections and University Archives
Repository address	Patricia W. & J. Douglas Perry Library, Norfolk, VA 23529-0256
Repository contact name
Repository contact title	Special Collections Librarian and University Archivist
Repository contact email	libspecialcollections@odu.edu
Repository contact phone	(757) 683-4483
DoveRegion	region3
Subjects	o African American students o African Americans–Civil rights o African Americans–Segregation o Harrison, Albertis S. (Albertis Sydney), 1907-1995 o Public schools o Race relations o School children o School closings o School integration o School integration–Massive resistance movement o Virginia. General Assembly o Stephens, A. E. S. (Allie Edward Stakes), 1900-1973
Types	o Clippings o Correspondence o Legal documents

July 24, 2018May 26, 2022

Virginia Pupil Placement Board

Virginia Pupil Placement Board

Creator	Commonwealth of Virginia
Description	The Pupil Placement Board was created by an act of the General Assembly passed on September 29, 1956 as part of a program of “massive resistance” to federally ordered school desegregation. The act that created the board divested local school boards and division superintendents of their authority to determine the school to which a child might be admitted and placed all power of enrollment or placement with the Pupil Placement Board. This body consisted of three residents of Virginia who were appointed by the governor to serve during his term in office. Among the factors that the board was to consider in assigning particular pupils to particular schools were the efficient operation of the schools and the safety and welfare of the pupils. From the beginning of the board’s existence, its efforts to control pupil assignments were frustrated by decisions of the federal courts and by local school boards, which increasingly tended to ignore the board. On April 29, 1959 the General Assembly passed an act returning responsibility for school assignments to local authorities. Despite the loss of most of its power, the Pupil Placement Board continued to exist for seven more years until it was abolished by an act passed by the General Assembly in 1966. Collections consists of the following series: Routine applications, 1961-1966. Special applications relevant to inactive files, 1959-1966. Special applications, 1959-1966, 1964-1966 (bulk). Correspondence and subject files, 1958-1966. Minutes, 1958-1966. Legal files, 1958-1964. Guide to collection is available at: https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi02003.xml.
Call number	Record Group 62 Accession 26517
Date from	1958
Date to	1966
Geographic school	Virginia
Size	276.8 cu feet
Access restrictions yes/no	yes
Access restrictions	Restricted access: redacted copies of the restricted materials are available.
Part Of larger collection yes/no	no
Larger collection title
URL
Repository	Library of Virginia
Repository address	800 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23219-8000
Repository contact name
Repository contact title	Archives Reference Services
Repository contact email	archdesk@lva.virginia.gov
Repository contact phone	(804) 692-3888
DoveRegion	region5
Subjects	o African American students o African Americans–Civil rights o Almond, J. Lindsay (James Lindsay), 1898-1986 o Public schools o School children o School integration–Massive resistance movement o Segregation in education o Virginia. Department of Education o Virginia. General Assembly o Virginia. Pupil Placement Board
Types	o Bills (Legislative records) o Correspondence o Government papers o Legal documents o Minutes o Organizational Records o Reports

June 5, 2018June 19, 2018

Benjamin Muse Papers

Benjamin Muse Papers

Creator	Benjamin Muse
Description	Papers of Benjamin Muse, politician, journalist, experimental farmer, and civil rights activist. In 1959 Muse was given a post on the Southern Regional Council (formerly the Committee on Interracial Cooperation) and was director of their leadership project from 1959-1964. Included in the collection are fifteen speeches on the race question delivered in various places in the South. Also are drafts and notes on three of his books dealing with race relations: Virginia’s Massive Resistance, Ten Years of Prelude, and The American Negro Revolution. Of particular interest is the “Memoranda,” reports issued to the SRC on his conversations with Southern leaders and observations on race relations made during the five years he spent traveling through the South, when integration and the Civil Rights Movement were having their biggest impact. While predominantly conversations with white men, these reports provided detailed accounts of school desegregation, lunch counter sit-ins, and student activism throughout the south. As such they provide context for the lives of southern African-American women in the early 1960s.
Call number
Date from	1919
Date to	1973
Geographic school	Reston, VA
Size	747 Items
Access restrictions yes/no
Access restrictions
Part Of larger collection yes/no
Larger collection title
URL
Repository	Duke Special Collection Library, Sallie Bingham Center for Women’s History and Culture
Repository address	David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Box 90185, Duke University Durham, NC 27708-0185
Repository contact name	Kelly Wooten
Repository contact title
Repository contact email	http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/ask/index.html
Repository contact phone	(919) 660-5967
DoveRegion	(outside of Virginia)
Subjects	o African American students o African Americans–Civil rights o African Americans–Segregation o Public schools o Race relations o School children o School closings o School integration o School integration–Massive resistance movement o Segregation in education o Muse, Benjamin o Southern Regional Council
Types	o Correspondence o Legal documents

June 5, 2018September 5, 2018

Inventory of the Ted Dalton Papers

Inventory of the Ted Dalton Papers

Creator	Theodore Roosevelt Dalton
Description	Papers, 1933-1978, of Ted Dalton, Virginia state senator, 1944-1959; Republican candidate for governor of Virginia in 1953 and 1957; and U.S. District judge for the Western District of Virginia. Includes correspondence, speeches, news clippings, photographs, recordings, reels of film and legal opinions. Subjects covered include Republican Party politics, the Virginia General Assembly, highways, compulsory automobile insurance, segregation, the Gray Commission Report (Commission on Public Education), the College of William and Mary, and Dalton’s appointment as a federal judge. Prominent correspondents include J. Lindsay Almond, Howard Baker, Ezra T. Benson, Harry F. Byrd, Sr., Harry F. Byrd, Jr., John N. Dalton, Colgate W. Darden, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Gerald R. Ford, Mills E. Godwin, Albertis S. Harrison, A. Linwood Holton, J. Edgar Hoover, A. E. Dick Howard, Richard Nixon, Davis Y. Paschall, Richard H. Poff, Lewis F. Powell, Nelson A. Rockefeller, Thomas B. Stanley, A. E. S. Stephens, William M. Tuck, and Edward E. Willey.
Call number	Mss. 81 D17
Date from	1933
Date to	1978
Geographic school	Virginia
Size	16 boxes
Access restrictions yes/no	no
Access restrictions
Part Of larger collection yes/no	no
Larger collection title
URL	http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00037.frame
Repository	College of William and Mary, Special Collections Research Center
Repository address	Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William & Mary, PO Box 8794, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8794
Repository contact name
Repository contact title	College of William and Mary. Special Collections Research Center
Repository contact email	spcoll@wm.edu
Repository contact phone	(757) 221-3090
DoveRegion	region4
Subjects	o African American students o African Americans–Civil rights o African American–Segregation o Almond, J. Lindsay (James Lindsay), 1898-1986 o Godwin, Mills E. (Mills Edwin), 1914-1999 o Harrison, Albertis S. (Albertis Sydney), 1907-1995 o High school students o District courts–Virginia o Holton, A. Linwood (Abner Linwood), 1923-
Types	o Broadcast-radio o Memorabilia o Minutes o Organizational Records o Photographs o Press releases